Restructure Dockerfile for better caching

Dockerfile

@@ -4,11 +4,13 @@ FROM python:3.10.13-slim-bookworm
 LABEL authors="Patrick Jentsch <p.jentsch@uni-bielefeld.de>"
 
 
+# Set environment variables
 ENV LANG="C.UTF-8"
 ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE="1"
 ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED="1"
 
 
+# Install system dependencies
 RUN apt-get update \
  && apt-get install --no-install-recommends --yes \
       build-essential \
@@ -17,37 +19,42 @@ RUN apt-get update \
  && rm --recursive /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
 
+# Create a non-root user
 RUN useradd --create-home --no-log-init nopaque \
  && groupadd docker \
  && usermod --append --groups docker nopaque
 
-
 USER nopaque
 WORKDIR /home/nopaque
 
 
+# Create a Python virtual environment
 ENV NOPAQUE_PYTHON3_VENV_PATH="/home/nopaque/.venv"
 RUN python3 -m venv "${NOPAQUE_PYTHON3_VENV_PATH}"
 ENV PATH="${NOPAQUE_PYTHON3_VENV_PATH}/bin:${PATH}"
 
 
+# Install Python dependencies
+COPY --chown=nopaque:nopaque requirements.txt requirements.txt
+RUN python3 -m pip install --requirement requirements.txt \
+ && rm requirements.txt
+
+
+# Install the application
+COPY docker-nopaque-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
+
 COPY --chown=nopaque:nopaque app app
 COPY --chown=nopaque:nopaque migrations migrations
 COPY --chown=nopaque:nopaque tests tests
 COPY --chown=nopaque:nopaque .flaskenv boot.sh config.py nopaque.py requirements.txt ./
 
-
-RUN python3 -m pip install --requirement requirements.txt \
- && mkdir logs
-
-
-USER root
-
-
-COPY docker-nopaque-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
+RUN mkdir logs
 
 
 EXPOSE 5000
 
 
+USER root
+
+
 ENTRYPOINT ["docker-nopaque-entrypoint.sh"]